CSF extraction and separation

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a test used to analyze the fluids surrounding the brain and spinal cord. CSF acts as a cushion, protecting the brain and spinal cord from injury. The fluid is typically clear and has a consistency similar to water. This test is also utilized to measure the pressure within the cerebrospinal fluid.

There are various methods for obtaining CSF samples from mice as a model organism, with the most common technique being lumbar puncture (spinal tap) in two-day-old mice. The procedure involves drawing the knees toward the chest, locking the legs, and securing the hands between the fingers.

After cleaning the neck area, the specialist administers a local anesthetic to the upper spine. A spinal needle (a disposable glass pipette) is then inserted into the medulla oblongata. By applying slight pressure and rotating the needle, it enters the upper spinal column. Occasionally, abnormal pressure can indicate an infection or other issues.

Once the needle is in place, the CSF pressure and the capillary action of the needle allow the CSF to flow into the needle. This process continues until clear CSF, free of blood, is collected into the needle. The needle is then removed, the area is cleaned, and a bandage is applied to the puncture site.

The cerebrospinal fluid is transferred into 1.5 mL tubes and stored in a freezer at -70°C. In some cases, specialized X-ray imaging is used to guide the needle into position; this technique is referred to as fluoroscopy.